JETS interactive

Carbon dioxide
What is carbon dioxide and how is it discovered?
Joseph Black, a Scottish chemist and physician,
first identified carbon dioxide in the 1750s. At room
temperatures (20-25 o C), carbon dioxide is an
odourless, colourless gas, which is faintly acidic
and non-flammable.
Carbon dioxide is a molecule with the molecular
formula CO2 . The linear molecule consists of a
carbon atom that is doubly bonded to two oxygen
atoms, O=C=O.
Although carbon dioxide mainly consists in the
gaseous form, it also has a solid and a liquid form.
It can only be solid when temperatures are below
-78 o C. Liquid carbon dioxide mainly exists when
carbon dioxide is dissolved in water. Carbon dioxide
is only water-soluble, when pressure is maintained.
After pressure drops the CO2 gas will try to escape
to air. This event is characterised by the CO2
bubbles forming into water.
CO 2-molecule
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Properties of carbon dioxide
There are several physical and chemical properties,
which belong to carbon dioxide.
Here we will sum them up in a table.
Property Value
Molecular weight 44.01
Specific gravity 1.53 at 21 o C
Critical density 468 kg/m 3
Concentration in air 370,3 * 107 ppm
Stability High
Liquid Pressure < 415.8 kPa
Solid Temperature < -78 o C
Henry constant for solubility 298.15 mol/ kg * bar
Water solubility 0.9 vol/vol at 20 o C
Where on earth do we find carbon dioxide?
Carbon dioxide can be found mainly in air, but also
in water as a part of the carbon cycle. We can show
you how the carbon cycle works, by means of an
explanation and a schematic representation. -->
Move to the Carbon Cycle .
Applications of carbon dioxide by humans
Humans use carbon dioxide in many different ways.
The most familiar example is its use in soft drinks
and beer, to make them fizzy. Carbon dioxide
released by baking powder or yeast makes cake
batter rise.
Some fire extinguishers use carbon dioxide
because it is denser than air. Carbon dioxide can
blanket a fire, because of its heaviness. It prevents
oxygen from getting to the fire and as a result, the
burning material is deprived of the oxygen it needs
to continue burning.
Carbon dioxide is also used in a technology called
supercritical fluid extraction that is used to
decaffeinate coffee. The solid form of carbon
dioxide, commonly known as Dry Ice, is used in
theatres to create stage fogs and make things like
"magic potions" bubble.
The part carbon dioxide plays in environmental
processes
Carbon dioxide is one of the most abundant gasses
in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide plays an
important part in vital plant and animal process,
such as photosynthesis and respiration. These
processes will be briefly explained here.
Green plants convert carbon dioxide and water into
food compounds, such as glucose, and oxygen. This
process is called photosynthesis.
The reaction of photosynthesis is as follows:
6 CO2 + 6 H 2 O --> C 6 H 12O 6 + 6 O 2
Plants and animals, in turn, convert the food
compounds by combining it with oxygen to release
energy for growth and other life activities. This is
the respiration process, the reverse of
photosynthesis.
The respiration reaction is as follows:
C6 H 12O 6 + 6 O 2 --> 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2O
Photosynthesis and respiration play an important
role in the carbon cycle and are at equilibrium with
one another.
Photosynthesis dominates during the warmer part of
the year and respiration dominates during the
colder part of the year. However, both processes
occur the entire year. Overall, then, carbon dioxide
in the atmosphere decreases during the growing
season and increases during the rest of the year.
Because the seasons in the northern and southern
hemispheres are opposite, carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere is increasing in the north while
decreasing in the south, and vice versa. The cycle
is more clearly present in the northern hemisphere;
because it has relatively more land mass and
terrestrial vegetation. Oceans dominate the
southern hemisphere.
Influence of carbon dioxide on alkalinity
Carbon dioxide can change the pH of water. This is
how it works:
Carbon dioxide dissolves slightly in water to form a
weak acid called carbonic acid, H 2 CO 3, according
to the following reaction:
CO2 + H 2 O --> H 2 CO3
After that, carbonic acid reacts slightly and
reversibly in water to form a hydronium cation, H3 O
+, and the bicarbonate ion, HCO3 -, according to the
following reaction:
H2 CO 3 + H 2O --> HCO3 - + H 3O +
This chemical behaviour explains why water, which
normally has a neutral pH of 7 has an acidic pH of
approximately 5.5 when it has been exposed to air.
Carbon dioxide emissions by humans
Due to human activities, the amount of CO2
released into the atmosphere has been rising
extensively during the last 150 years. As a result, it
has exceeded the amount sequestered in biomass,
the oceans, and other sinks.
There has been a climb in carbon dioxide
concentrations in the atmosphere of about 280 ppm
in 1850 to 364 ppm in 1998, mainly due to human
activities during and after the industrial revolution,
which began in 1850.
Humans have been increasing the amount of carbon
dioxide in air by burning of fossil fuels, by producing
cement and by carrying out land clearing and forest
combustion. About 22% of the current atmospheric
CO 2 concentrations exist due to these human
activities, considered that there is no change in
natural amounts of carbon dioxide. We will take a
closer look at these effects in the next paragraph.
Environmental problems - the greenhouse effect
The troposphere is the lower part of the
atmosphere, of about 10-15 kilometres thick. Within
the troposphere there are gasses called
greenhouse gasses. When sunlight reaches the
earth, some of it is converted to heat. Greenhouse
gasses absorb some of the heat and trap it near the
earth's surface, so that the earth is warmed up.
This process, commonly known as the greenhouse
effect, has been discovered many years ago and
was later confirmed by means of laboratory
experiments and atmospheric measurements.
Life as we know it exists only because of this
natural greenhouse effect, because this process
regulates the earth's temperature. When the
greenhouse effect would not exist, the whole earth
would be covered in ice.
The amount of heat trapped in the troposphere
determines the temperature on earth. The amount
of heat in the troposphere depends on
concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gasses
and the amount of time these gasses remain in the
atmosphere. The most important greenhouse
gasses are carbon dioxide, CFC's (Chlor-Fluoro-
Carbons), nitrogen oxides and methane.
Since the industrial revolution in 1850 began, human
processes have been causing emissions of
greenhouse gasses, such as CFC's and carbon
dioxide. This has caused an environmental problem:
the amounts of greenhouse gasses grew so
extensively, that the earth's climate is changing
because the temperatures are rising. This unnatural
addition to the greenhouse effect is known as global
warming. It is suspected that global warming may
cause increases in storm activity, Melting of ice
caps on the poles, which will cause flooding of the
inhabited continents, and other environmental
problems.
Together with hydrogen , carbon dioxide is the main
greenhouse gas. However, hydrogen is not emitted
during industrial processes. Humans do not
contribute to the hydrogen amount in the air, this is
only changing naturally during the hydrological
cycle, and as a result it is not a cause of global
warming.
Increasing carbon dioxide emissions cause about
50-60% of the global warming. Carbon dioxide
emissions have risen from 280 ppm in 1850 to 364
ppm in the 1990s.
In the previous paragraph various human activities
that contribute to the emission of carbon dioxide
gas have been mentioned. Of these activities fossil
fuel combustion for energy generation causes about
70-75% of the carbon dioxide emissions, being the
main source of carbon dioxide emissions. The
remaining 20-25% of the emissions are caused by
land clearing and burning and by emission from
motor vehicle exhausts.
Most carbon dioxide emissions derive from
industrial processes in developed countries, such
as in the United States and in Europe. However,
carbon dioxide emissions from developing countries
are rising. In this century, carbon dioxide emissions
are expected to double and they are expected to
continue to rise and cause problems after that.
Carbon dioxide remains in the troposphere about
fifty up to two hundred years.
The first person who predicted that emissions of
carbon dioxide from the burning of fossil fuels and
other burning processes would cause global
warming was Svante Arrhenius, who published the
paper "On the influence of carbonic acid in the air
upon the temperature of the ground" in 1896.
In the beginning of the 1930 it was confirmed that
atmospheric carbon dioxide was actually
increasing. In the late 1950s when highly accurate
measurement techniques were developed, even
more confirmation was found. By the 1990s, the
global warming theory was widely accepted,
although not by everyone. Whether global warming
is truly caused by increasing carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere, is still debated.
Rising carbon dioxide concentrations in air in the
past decades
The Kyoto treaty
World leaders gathered in Kyoto, Japan, in
December 1997 to consider a world treaty
restricting emissions of greenhouse gases, mainly
of carbon dioxide, that are thought to cause global
warming. Unfortunately, while the Kyoto treaties
have worked for a while America is now trying to
evade them.
Carbon dioxide and health
Carbon dioxide is essential for internal respiration
in a human body. Internal respiration is a process,
by which oxygen is transported to body tissues and
carbon dioxide is carried away from them.
Carbon dioxide is a guardian of the pH of the blood,
which is essential for survival.
The buffer system in which carbon dioxide plays an
important role is called the carbonate buffer. It is
made up of bicarbonate ions and dissolved carbon
dioxide, with carbonic acid. The carbonic acid can
neutralize hydroxide ions, which would increase the
pH of the blood when added. The bicarbonate ion
can neutralize hydrogen ions, which would cause a
decrease in the pH of the blood when added. Both
increasing and decreasing pH is life threatening.
Apart from being an essential buffer in the human
system, carbon dioxide is also known to cause
health effects when the concentrations exceed a
certain limit.
The primary health dangers of carbon dioxide are:
- Asphyxiation . Caused by the release of carbon
dioxide in a confined or unventilated area. This can
lower the concentration of oxygen to a level that is
immediately dangerous for human health.
- Frostbite . Solid carbon dioxide is always below
-78 oC at regular atmospheric pressure, regardless
of the air temperature. Handling this material for
more than a second or two without proper
protection can cause serious blisters, and other
unwanted effects. Carbon dioxide gas released from
a steel cylinder, such as a fire extinguisher, causes
similar effects.
- Kidney damage or coma . This is caused by a
disturbance in chemical equilibrium of the carbonate
buffer. When carbon dioxide concentrations
increase or decrease, causing the equilibrium to be
disturbed, a life threatening situation may occur.

There is some thing which the grace of God Does. Its almost so hard for me to understand.
That somebody will commite all kinds of sins and when he comes back to God in repentance, he will be accepted, forgiven and treated as though he never did any sin. It was bought with a price, it was accomplished on the cross of calvary, it was made possible By CHRIST; it is called "justification".
Blessed are those who are justified, whose sins are forgiven, upon whom the LORD inputs no iniquity.
Oh praise God I am saved.

Did you know????
The first man to travel in space was Yuri Gagarin in April, 19661.
Now you know!

PHYSICS SCIENCE
ALL ABOUT ELECTRIC VOLTAGE
(i)Electromagnetic Field:it is a field that represents d joint interaction
of Electric and Magnetic field.
2 applications of EMF
[1];Electric motor
[2];Moving coil galvanometer.
(ii) ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION;dis is d production of
electric current or voltage in a
conductor wenever their is a relative motion between condutor
and magnetic field.
A TRANSFORMER
This is an electrical device used in changing the size of an AC voltage.
It increases or decreases d EMF of
alternating current.

Thomas Edison is usually
credited with the invention of
the light bulb, but the famous
American inventor wasn't the
only one who contributed to the
development of this
revolutionary technology. Many
notable figures are also
remembered for their work with
electric batteries, lamps and the
creation of the first incandescent
bulbs.
Early research & developments
The story of the light bulb begins
long before Edison patented the
first commercially successful
bulb in 1879. In 1800, Italian
inventor Alessandro Volta
developed the first practical
method of generating electricity,
the voltaic pile. Made of
alternating discs of zinc and
copper — interspersed with
layers of cardboards soaked in
salt water — the pile conducted
electricity when a copper wire
was connected at either end.
While actually a predecessor of
the modern battery
, Volta's glowing copper wire is
also considered to be one of the
earliest manifestations of
incandescent lighting.
Not long after Volta presented
his discovery of a continuous
source of electricity to the Royal
Society in London, an English
inventor named Humphrey Davy
produced the world's first
electric lamp by connecting
voltaic piles to charcoal
electrodes. Davy's 1802
invention was known as an
electric arc lamp, named for the
bright arc of light emitted
between its two carbon rods.
While Davy's arc lamp was
certainly an improvement on
Volta's stand-alone piles, it still
wasn't a very practical source of
lighting. This rudimentary lamp
burned out quickly and was
much too bright for use in a
home or workspace. But the
principles behind Davy's arc light
were used throughout the 1800s
in the development of many
other electric lamps and bulbs.
In 1840, British scientist Warren
de la Rue developed an
efficiently designed light bulb
using a coiled platinum filament
in place of copper, but the high
cost of platinum kept the bulb
from becoming a commercial
success. And in 1848,
Englishman William Staite
improved the longevity of
conventional arc lamps by
developing a clockwork
mechanism that regulated the
movement of the lamps' quick-
to-erode carbon rods. But the
cost of the batteries used to
power Staite's lamps put a
damper on the inventor's
commercial ventures.
Joseph Swan
In 1850, English chemist Joseph
Swan solved the cost-
effectiveness problem of
previous inventors by developing
a light bulb that used carbonized
paper filaments in place of ones
made of platinum. Like earlier
renditions of the light bulb,
Swan's filaments were placed in
a vacuum tube to minimize their
exposure to oxygen, extending
their lifespan. Unfortunately for
Swan, the vacuum pumps of his
day were not efficient as they are
now, and his first prototype for a
cost-effective bulb never went to
market.
While Swan waited for the
development of quality vacuum
pumps, an American inventor,
Charles Francis Brush, was busy
developing an electric arc
lighting system that would
eventually be adopted
throughout the United States
and Europe during the 1880s.
While not truly a light bulb,
Brush's lighting systems could be
used wherever bright lights were
needed — such as in streetlights
and inside commercial buildings.
To power his systems, Brush
developed dynamos — or
electric generators — similar to
those used that would one day
be used to power Edison's
electric lamps.
In 1874, Canadian inventors
Henry Woodward and Matthew
Evans filed a patent for an
electric lamp with different-sized
carbon rods held between
electrodes in a glass cylinder
filled with nitrogen. The pair
tried, unsuccessfully, to
commercialize their lamps but
eventually sold their patent to
Edison in 1879.
The first practical
incandescent light bulb
Edison and his team of
researchers in Edison's
laboratory in Menlo Park, N.J.,
tested more than 3,000 designs
for bulbs between 1878 and
1880. In November 1879, Edison
filed a patent for an electric
lamp with a carbon filament. The
patent listed several materials
that might be used for the
filament, including cotton, linen
and wood. Edison spent the next
year finding the perfect filament
for his new bulb, testing more
than 6,000 plants to determine
which material would burn the
longest.
Several months after the 1879
patent was granted, Edison and
his team discovered that a
carbonized bamboo filament
could burn for more than 1,200
hours. Bamboo was used for the
filaments in Edison's bulbs until
it began to be replaced by
longer-lasting materials in the
1880s and early 1900s.
In 1882, Lewis Howard Latimer,
one of Edison's researchers,
patented a more efficient way of
manufacturing carbon filaments.
And in 1903, Willis R. Whitney
invented a treatment for these
filaments that allowed them to
burn bright without darkening
the insides of their glass bulbs.
Tungsten filaments
William David Coolidge, an
American physicist with General
Electric, improved the company's
method of manufacturing
tungsten filaments in 1910.
Tungsten, which has the highest
melting point of any chemical
element, was known by Edison to
be an excellent material for light
bulb filaments, but the
machinery needed to produce
super-fine tungsten wire was not
available in the late nineteenth
century. Tungsten is still the
primary material used in
incandescent bulb filaments
today.
The success of Edison's light bulb
was followed by the founding of
the Edison Electric Illuminating
Company of New York in 1880.
The company was started with
financial contributions from J.P.
Morgan and other wealthy
investors of the time. The
company constructed the first
electrical generating stations
that would power electrical
system and newly patented
bulbs. The first generating
station was opened in
September 1882 on Pearl Street
in lower Manhattan.
Changing technology
Today, lighting choices have
expanded and people can
choose different types of light
bulbs, including compact
fluorescent (CFL) bulbs work by
heating a gas that produces
ultraviolet light and LED bulbs
use solid-state light-emitting
diodes.

A car is a wheeled, self-powered motor vehicle used for transportation and a product of the automotive industry. Most definitions of the term specify that cars are designed to run primarily on roads, to have seating for one to eight people, to typically have four wheels with tyres, and to be constructed principally for the transport of people rather than goods.[2][3] The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car. In that year, German inventor Karl Benz built the Benz Patent-Motorwagen. Cars did not become widely available until the early 20th century. One of the first cars that was accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. Cars were rapidly adopted in the United States of America, where they replaced animal-drawn carriages and carts, but took much longer to be accepted in Western Europe and other parts of the world.

Cars are equipped with controls used for driving, parking, passenger comfort and safety, and controlling a variety of lights. Over the decades, additional features and controls have been added to vehicles, making them progressively more complex. Examples include rear reversing cameras, air conditioning, navigation systems, and in car entertainment. Most cars in use in the 2010s are propelled by an internal combustion engine, fueled by deflagration of gasoline (also known as petrol) or diesel. Both fuels cause air pollution and are also blamed for contributing to climate change and global warming.[4] Vehicles using alternative fuels such as ethanol flexible-fuel vehicles and natural gas vehicles are also gaining popularity in some countries. Electric cars, which were invented early in the history of the car, began to become commercially available in 2008.

There are costs and benefits to car use. The costs of car usage include the cost of: acquiring the vehicle, interest payments (if the car is financed), repairs and auto maintenance, fuel, depreciation, driving time, parking fees, taxes, and insurance.[5] The costs to society of car use include: maintaining roads, land use, road congestion, air pollution, public health, health care, and disposing of the vehicle at the end of its life. Road traffic accidents are the largest cause of injury-related deaths worldwide.[6]

The benefits may include on-demand transportation, mobility, independence, and convenience.[7] The societal benefits may include: economic benefits, such as job and wealth creation from car production, sales and maintenance, transportation provision, society well-being derived from leisure and travel opportunities, and revenue generation from the tax opportunities. The ability for humans to move flexibly from place to place has far-reaching implications for the nature of societies.[8] It was estimated in 2010 that the number of cars had risen to over 1 billion vehicles, up from the 500 million of 1986.[9] The numbers are increasing rapidly, especially in China, India and other newly industrialized countries.

Bigger Android Problems I've
Successfully Solved So Far
Some problems with Android
apps or Android devices require
much more thinking, working
and testing out. That's why
whenever a BIG one appears, I
solve it and compile it into an
exhaustive article. Here's the list
of BIG problems we've
successfully solved so far:
Android Gallery Problems
Flashlight Android App
Problem
Android Photo Contact
Problems
Android USB Connection
Problems & Solutions
Does Rooting Cause Any
Problems?
NEW!
Problems Downloading
Android Apps
Andriod Rebooting Problem
Android USB Storage Full
Problem
NEW!
Smaller Problems You Will
Solve in 1 Minute
Below is a list of less serious (but
very popular) problems many
people experience. If you think
that anything should be added to
this list, please let me know.
The battery runs flat too fast
Problem: This is one of the most
often Android problems.
Unfortunately, we have to face
the fact that our Android device
will never run for as long as old
simple mobile phones used to
some years ago. This is the price
we have to pay for having the
smartest devices in the world.
However, we can always do
something to extend the battery
life here and there and, overall,
the above price won't be so
high! :)
Solution: To put it simply, you
have to get rid of anything that's
eating up your battery
unnecessarily. In most cases,
this will be WiFi (enabled and not
used), GPS, a number of
unnecessary apps running in the
background, screen brightness
set to maximum or ads from
free apps and games for
Android. You should also use
some battery app to manage
apps or/and some Android app
killer.
If your battery is running flat
and you cannot charge your
phone, you should turn Power
Saver. In my HTC, you can
activate it by dragging the top
part of the screen down and
then checking Power Saver (see
the screenshots below).
Check Android battery tips for
more details about how to
optimize your phone's battery
life.
A small popup menu doesn't
appear after holding the
power button
Problem: This is also one of the
most often encountered Android
problems. When you hold the
power button for a few seconds,
a small Phone options menu
(like the one on the screenshot)
will or, at least, should appear.
This menu allows you to power
off your phone, turn off or on
airplane mode or restart your
phone. However, in my previous
phone (HTC Desire S) at some
point this function simply
stopped working and the phone
wouldn't react to holding the
power button.
Solution: This Android problem
is a real pain in the neck.
Unfortunately, restarting the
phone or turning it off and on
didn't help. The only thing that
worked was restoring factory
settings.
To do that, do go Settings >
Backup & reset > Reset Phone.
Before you do that, remember to
backup your settings with either
a third party app or use the
default function also available
under Backup & reset > Backup
& restore.
If you want to discover some
apps for making backup, don't
miss Android backup apps
section.
Backlight turns on and off on
its own
Problem: I encountered this
problem on HTC One X, HTC
Desire Z and HTC Desire S. I
suppose this doesn't concern
HTC phones only. This is not the
most serious problem in the
world but it can be a bit
annoying when your phone, out
of the blue, turns the screen on
in the middle of the night just to
turn it off in a few seconds. I
guess it can also significantly
reduce the battery life.
Solution: In one phone this
Android problem disappeared on
its own as suddenly as it
appeared. In HTC Desire S it was
enough to restart the phone
(hold the power button for a few
seconds and then tap Restart).
However, in my HTC One X the
problem didn't disappear until I
restored factory settings. To do
that, go to Settings > Backup &
reset > Reset Phone.
Remember about backup.
The phone doesn't respond at
all
Problem: It may happen that
your Android phone or Android
tablet will not respond at all. This
is what once happened to my
HTC One X. I ended a call, the
phone froze so I waited, waited,
waited. The screen turned off
and the phone behaved as if it
was turned off (but I know it
wasn't). In such a situation, we
usually remove the battery. But
what can we do if there is no
battery to remove like in my
HTC? :)
Solution: When the phone is
unresponsive, it's usually a good
idea to restart it. You can do that
by holding the power button for
a few seconds and then tapping
Restart phone. This solves the
problem in most cases.
You can also remove the battery
(if you have one), which always
helps. In the case of my HTC, the
only thing that worked was to
hold the Power button for 10
seconds. After that the phone
automatically restarted and
everything went back to normal.
Android corrects my words
without even asking
Problem: Have you ever
happened to send a totally
stupid SMS to someone just
because your Android device
knew better what you wanted to
type?
In most cases, this doesn't
happen very often but once it
does you may want to get rid of
the auto-correct feature.
Solution: You may want to turn
off auto correction. Not all
Android devices are equipped
with that feature by default (my
HTC was just suggesting words,
not auto-correcting them, but
when I installed SwiftKey
keyboard the function was
enabled).
To turn it off, go to Settings >
Language & input >Android
Keyboard > Auto correction
and select "off."
Want trouble-free typing?
Image
Don't waste your time trying new
untested keyboards or
tormenting yourself with the
stock one. I've thoroughly
checked most of them.
If you want to type fast (you can
turn off the auto correct
function) and stop making typos,
you should certainly buy yourself
SwifKey Keyboard. The price is
really low 3,99$ for such a
brilliant app.
I use a third party launcher
but it occasionally switches
back to the default one (e.g.
HTC Sense)
Problem: You decided to use a
third party launcher (e.g. Nova
Launcher or GO Launcher) but
every time you switch between
apps or, worse, restart your
phone it switches back to the
default launcher and you lose all
your settings, widgets etc.
This is very annoying but you
can easily get rid of that
problem.
Solution: All you have to do is
set your third party launcher as a
default launcher and the
problem will disappear. Just tape
the Home button two times
(quickly) and the phone will ask
Complete the action using so
choose your launcher and press
Always.
Someone's bothering me. How
do I block them?
Problem: We gave our number
to the wrong person who's now
bothering us. There has been
some fuss and you are receiving
calls from a person from the
other side of the globe. You are
receiving tons of SMS ads, which
is driving you crazy. Whatever
your problem is, if you have an
Android device, you can easily
get rid of it.
Solution: Thanks to Android
being the most popular mobile
platform in the world, you have
a great number of apps to
choose from, including apps for
blocking calls and SMS.
I recommend using SPC, a very
simple but powerful app with
advanced options, such as,
blocking calls, SMS, blacklists,
white lists and many more. If
you want to discover more call
blockers, check free call blocker
for Android.
The screen orientation
changes too often
Problem: Some people simply
cannot stand it when the screen
orientation of their Android
phone changes whenever they
lie down or make a quick hand
movement when typing. This, in
fact, can be a bit irritating, but
you can easily deal with it.
Solution: All you have to do is
turn off the auto rotate option.
To do that, go to Settings >
Display, gestures & buttons and
uncheck Auto rotate screen.
Done! The screen will never
rotate without your permission!
New! Comments
Have your say about what you
just read!
WHY NOT BECOME OUR FAN?

CELL PHONE
Cell phone makes it easy to
communicate people all over the
world. Technology makes it
possible to choose when and
where we want to be.It is now
possible to work anywhere,reach
anyone from your home by
simply pressing phone button.
Cell phone common problems
includes the following:
If Cell phone fails to power on.
Keypad problem. Cell phone not
charging. If phone drops into
water. Partial contact. Blunt
screen. Blinking of screen. Audio
problem.Nothing is displayed on
cell phone screen or message
not clearly written or readable.
Battery runs faster than it is
supposed to . Blinking of
network signal. Contact service
provider. Loss of memory. No
network. Unable to call out or
receive calls.If cell phone fall
down or drops into water.
DESCRIPTION GIVEN TO SOME
OF THESE CELL PHONE
PROBLEMS
1.If cell phone fails to power on:
Power failure or dead phone.
2.Keypad problem:Keypad not
responding.
3.Cell phone not charging:When
the is connected to the
phone,there is no indication of
charging displayed.
4.If phone drops into water: If
rain wets it or drops into water.
5.Partial contact:The phone is on
but when receiving calls it
switches off.
6.Blunt screen:The screen is
blank or broken.
7. Blinking of screen:At times
screen will display,whereas,
sometime it does not .
8.Audio problem:If cell phone
cannot ring out or someone
cannot hear caller clearly.
9.Nothing is displayed on cell
phone screen:Half or no
message is displayed on the
screen.
10.Battery runs faster than is
supposed:Sometime battery is
full but within few minutes it
indicates low battery.
11.Blinking of network:This is
when the network is frustrated.
12.Contact service
provider:Some cell phone give
this information when the
memory IC is weak.
13.Loss of memory:This occure
when an information stored is
missing after sometime.
14.No network:If recognizes the
sim card but cannot link to
service.
15.Unable to call out or receive
calls:Supposing the phone is
having full network but fails to
call out or to receive calls.
16If Cell phone falls down or
drops into water: Either wet or
droped into water.
SOLUTIONS TO THESE COMMON
CELL PHONE PROBLEMS.
If cell phone fails to power on: i.
Check on/off switch
ii. Check battery voltage.
iii.Check if it can charge.
iv. Bad power IC.
v. Do cross connection by using
computer software to
flash it.
Keypad problem: i. Clean the
keypad interface of the circuit
board.
ii. Check if there is continuity on
the interface.
iii. Replace the key with know
working one of same make and
model.
Phone not charging:i. Confirm is
working by reading output
voltage with meter.
ii. Check the fusible resistor and
replace if broken,or charging
pot.
If cell phone drops into water: i.
Quickly remove the cell battery.
ii.. Dismantle the phone and
allow it to dry.
iii. Use methylated spirit to clean
power contact.
iv. Use hot air blower or
Excellent alternative to dry the
main board.
Partial contact: At times, the
problem lies on the bus heat or
dust might have block the
Bus lines. The only solution is to
remove the board, clean the bus
line with
Fluid,while cleaning make sure
you do not allow it to touch the
components on the board.
Blunt screen: This problem
arises when the cell phone is
placed on heat contacts with the
phone after some minutes.
Blinking of screen: This problem
could be caused by the flex of
the phone, not from the main
LCD. To solve this
problem,change the flex.
Audio problem: Carefully
unscrew the cell phone and
clean the panel with methylated
spirit. Clean the ringer with dry
tissue.
Nothing is displayed on screen:
Unscreen te phone and bring it
out the screen as well, clean out
the dust or sand that may be
there,clear the interface very
well with fluid and allow it to dry
for some minutes and you pack
it back carefully.
Battery runs faster than it
supposed: If the is new charge it
for three four hours to
normalize performance. If it is
an old battery,read from the
voltage to the capacity.