وائس آف تنولی

oli tribe at the time of the invasion of Hazara by the Sikhs. Mir Painda Khan is famed for his staunch rebellion against Maharaja Ranjit Singh's Governors of Hazara. He was the son of Mir Nawab Khan, who defeated the Durranis and freed his kingdom from their influence. From about 1813, he spent a life long rebellion against the Sikhs. Mir Painda Khan relentless rebellion against the Sikh empire, cost him a major portion of his Kingdom, leaving only his twin capitals Amb and Darband. However, this deterred him less and appeared to increase his resistance against the Sikh government. The District Gazetteer of the North-West Frontier Province (p138) confirms, "Painda Khan, played a considerable part in the history of his time and vigorously opposed the Sikhs." General Abbott commented that "During the first period of Painda Khan's carrer, he was far too vigorous and powerfull to be molested by any neighbouring tribe, and when he began to fail before the armies and purse of the Sikh Government, he was interested in keeping upon the best terms with his northern neighbours of the Black Mountains." He is further described as a Chief renowned on the Border, a wild and energetic man who was never subjugated by the Sikhs. His son Jehandad Khan also followed his footsteps. "Of all the tribal chiefs of Hazara, the most powerful said to be Jehandad Khan of the Tanoli, whose land straddled both banks of the Indus and whose fellow-tribesmen were brave and hardy and accounted for the best swordsmen in Hazara". There was a long history of conflict between Jehandad Khan's family and the Sikhs, and the name of his father Painda Khan, was said to be "magic to the ears of the people of Hazara" because of the struggles he fought on behalf of his "poor circumscribed and rugged principality" against the Sikhs. When Sikh power was on the fall in 1845, Jehandad Khan blockaded the garrisons of no less than 22 Sikh posts in Upper Tanawal and when they surrendered at discretion, he spared their lives, as the servants of a fallen Empire. However in 1845 the local populace, taking advantage of the problems in Lahore (the capital of the Sikh Empire), rose up in rebellion. They drove the governor of Hazara, Diwan Mulraj, to Hasan Abdal in 1846. However, with the conclusion of the first Sikh War, Hazara along with Kashmir was given to Raja Gulab Singh. But in 1847 the Raja gave back Hazara to the Lahore Darbar in exchange for land near Jammu, and Hazara passed into British control.[3]
[edit] British era
Abbottabad City, 1907

Abbottabad in British India was the headquarters of Hazara Division, and named after Major James Abbott who settled this district in 1848 after the annexation of the Punjab. He soon after became the first Deputy Commissioner of the district between 1849 until 1853. Major Abbott is noted for having written a poem titled "Abbottabad", prior to his departure back to Britain, in which he wrote of his fondness for the town and his sadness at having to leave it. Abbottabad became and is still an important military cantonment and sanatorium, being the headquarters of a brigade in the Second Division of the Northern Army Corps[4]. The garrison consisted of four battalions of native infantry (Gurkhas) and four native mountain batteries[5]. In 1901 the population of the town and cantonment was 7764[4] and the income averaged around Rs. 14,900. This increased to Rs. 22,300 in 1903, chiefly derived from octroi. During this time chief public institutions were built such as the Albert Victor unaided Anglo-Vernacular High School, the Municipal Anglo-Vernacular High School and the Government dispensary.[5]. In 1911 the population had risen to 11,506 and the town also contained four battalions of Gurkhas.[6] In June 1948, the British Red Cross opened a hospital in Abbottabad to deal with thousands of patients who were being brought in from the Kashmir fighting areas.[7]
[edit] Geography

The city is bounded at all four sides by the Sarban hills, from which residents and tourists can see breathtaking views of the region and city. The location of the city and the hills allows Abbottabad to experience pleasant weather in the summer, and cold winters. The most of the people enters to Abbotabad using the Karakoram highway which passes through a small town named Salhad. Neighbouring districts are Mansehra to the north, Muzaffarabad to the east, Haripur to the west and Rawalpindi to the south. Tarbela Dam is situated just west of Abbottabad.
[edit] Topography

Abbottabad is situated in the Orash Valley lying between 34°09′N latitude and 73°13′E longitude at an altitude of 1250m.
[edit] Climate

Abbottabad's climate is cold during winters and mild during summers with humid temperatures during June and July. During the winter, the temperature may drop to below 0°C and snowfall is common, especially in January. Most rainfall occurs during the monsoon season in summer, stretching from May to August, and can sometimes cause flooding. Climate data for Abbottabad, Pakistan [hide]Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) 12
(53) 14
(57) 18
(64) 23
(73) 28
(82) 33
(91) 30
(86) 28
(82) 28
(82) 25
(77) 20
(68) 15
(59) 22
(71)
Average low °C (°F) 2
(35) 4
(39) 8
(46) 12
(53) 16
(60) 20
(68) 20
(68) 19
(66) 17
(62) 13
(55) 8
(46) 4
(39) 11
(51)
Precipitation cm (inches) 7.3
(2.9) 10.3
(4.1) 12.3
(4.9) 10.4
(4.1) 7.3
(2.9) 7.7
(3.0) 24.7
(9.7) 24.4
(9.6) 9.6
(3.8) 5.1
(2.0) 3.1
(1.2) 4.7
(1.9) 127
(49.9)
Source: Weatherbase[8] March 2008
[edit] Demographics

* Languages

According to the 1998 Census, of the 81,000 who resided in Abbottabad, Hindko was spoken by 94.26% of the population, followed by Potohari at 2.30%, Pashto at 2.22% and Urdu at 1.05%.[9] Although the first language of most people in Abbottabad is Hindko, Urdu is understood and spoken fluently by majority of the residents and commonly used in the markets, offices and formal functions. English is widely used in business and education.

* Ethnicity

The majority of the residents identify themselves as either Awans, Tanolis, Jadoons, Sattis, Qazis, Karlals, Sadozai, Kashmiris, Mughals, Abbasis, Qureshis, Utmanzai, Syeds and Gujjars.
[edit] Government

Abbottabad is the headquarter (capital) of Hazara Division and Abbottabad District. The District Nazim, Commissioner, Inspector General, Forest Conservator all reside in Abbottabad. Abbottabad is divided into localities, towns, colonies and neighbourhoods.
[edit] Localities

* Old City
o Mir Pur Kalan
o Mir Pur Khurd
o Upper and lower Salhad
o Kunj kehal-Abbottabad
o Kehal
o Kanshipura
o Karimpura
o Upper and Lower Malikpura
* Cantonment
* Kakul
* Mandian
* Supply
* Jhangi
* Narrian Sardar

[edit] Towns

+ Dobather (muhalla Batangi di Mohri)

* Banda Phugwarian
* Musa Zai Colony
* Mian De Saree(Kala Pul)
* Pool Gulab Road Mir Pur
* Jadoon Town
* Azam Town
* Bilal Town
* Gulfam
* Jalal Baba Town
* Jubilee Town
* Jinnahabad
* Narrian
* Hassan Town
* swati town
* Mohsin town
* qasim town
* Karlal Town
* Sardar Town
* Gulfam Town
* Nawaz Town

Mir pur
[edit] Colonies

* Civil Officer Colony
* Jadoon Colony
* Habibullah Colony
* Hassan Town
* Kaghan Colony
* Karral Colony
* Kashmir Colony
* Khushal Khan Colony
* Magistrate Colony
* Qazi Colony
* Sardarabad
* Shahzaman Colony
* Sir Syed Colony
* Tauheed Colony
* Madinah colony

[edit] Neighbourhoods

* Banda Phugwarian
* Namli Maira
* Nawanshehr
* Shaikulbandi
* Balkasar
* Dobather
* Jhangi
* Banda Lamba
* Majhote
* Malikpura
* Sagal
* Baghnotar
* Nagri Bala
* Bandi Maira

[edit] Suburbs

* Bainnoora
* Baingojri
* Chamed
* Ghori
* Kothiala
* Sharwan
* Saljot
* Qalandarabad

[edit] Culture
Wiki letter w.svg This section requires expansion.
[edit] Tourism

Abbottabad has been attracting tourists to the city since the colonial era, as it is a major transit point to all major tourist regions of Pakistan such as Nathiagali and Naran. According to the Imperial Gazetteer of India, "the town is picturesquely situated at the southern corner of the Rash (Orash) plain, 4,120 feet (1,260 m) above the sea"[5]. Like much of the mountainous Northern Areas, tourism is one of the important sources of income in Abbottabad. In the summer when temperatures rise to well above 45 degrees Celsius in Punjab and NWFP, a large number of tourists travel north to Abbottabad. The Karakoram Highway, which traces one of the paths of the ancient Silk Road, starts from Hasan Abdal on the N5 and heads north passing through the city eventually reaching Khunjerab Pass. The Karakorum Highway is a major attraction itself for its views. The Karakoram, Himalayas and the Hindu Kush ranges can be approached from Abbottabad and it continues to be a transit city for tourists, serving as a base for visiting numerous nearby places, such as Hunza, Gilgit, Skardu and Indus Kohistan, of the Karakoram Range.[10]
[edit] Places of interest

* Mera jani (highest peak of Hazara)
* Banda Phugwarian & Dobather (Beautiful villages surrounded by Shimla Hill)
* Namli Maira
* Nathia Gali
* Ayubia
* Thandiani
* Ilyasi Masjid
* Shimla Pahari
* Lady Garden
* Harnow (Harnoi)
* Bagnotar
* Jhangi Khoja
* Paswal

[edit] Sports

* Abbottabad Cricket Stadium
* Cricket Stadium, Ayub Medical Complex, Abbottabad
* Abbottabad Hockey Stadium
* Jehanghir Khan Squash Complex
* Kunj Football Ground

[edit] Economy
Wiki letter w.svg This section requires expansion. The economy of Abbottabad mainly relies on tourism as well as income generated from the various military and educational institutes.
[edit] Education

Abbottabad attracts people from all over Pakistan to its high standard educational institutions. Abbottabad is sometimes referred to "The City of Schools" and is home to a number of schools, colleges and training institutes.
[edit] Military institutes

* Pakistan Military Academy
* Army Physical Training School
* Army School of Music
* Regimental Training Centers of the Pakistan Army
o Baloch Regiment
o Frontier Force Regiment (PIFFERS)
o Army Medical Corps

[edit] Post-secondary institutes

* F. Boys Public High School, Abbottabad Cantonment
* COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad
* Government Postgraduate College #1, Abbottabad
* Government Postgraduate College #2 , Mandian Abbottabad
* Hazara University - Abbottabad Campus
* Government College of Management Sciences, Abbottabad
* The Muslim College of Commerce and Management, Abbottabad
* Government College of Technology, Mandian Abbottabad
* University of Science & Technology Abbottabad Campus

[edit] Medical institutes & hospitals

* Ayub Medical College
* Ayub Teaching Hospital
* Cantonment General Hospital (CGH)
* Women Medical College
* Women Institute of Learning, Abbottabad
* Abbottabad Women & Children's Hospital
* Combined Military Hospital (CMH-Abbottabad)
* Frontier Medical College
* Shaheena Jamil Hospital
* Abbottabad International Medical College
* National Institute of Medical Sciences (NIMS)
* Abbottabad District Headquarter Hospital LPC

[edit] Engineering institutes

* COMSATS Abbottabad
* University of Engineering and Technology (Peshawar) - Abbottabad campus

===Schools and colleges=== [11]

* Federal Government Boys Public High School, Abbottabad Cannt. Boys Publich High School, Abbottabad Cantonment)

* Abbottabad Public School
* Abbottabad Jamia Public School
* Advanced Islamic Public School
* Al-Imtiaz Academy
* Army Burn Hall College
* Army Public School
* Sikandria Public School - Masroor
* Banat Taleem-ul-Quran High School & College
* Beaconhouse Abbottabad Public Schoo * islamic international public school nawan shehr
* Gateway International Public School
* Government Centennial Model Secondary School for Boys, Abbottabad
* Government Centennial Model Secondary School for Girls, Abbottabad
* Government High School #1, Abbottabad
* Government High School #2, Abbottabad
* Government High School #3, Abbottabad
* Government High School, Nambal
* Government Primary School, Nambal
* Government Polytechnical Institute, Abbottabad
* Fauji Foundation Model School
* Al Quran Public School SirSyed Colony Mandian Abbottabad.
* Frontier Force School
* F.G. School for Boys
* Iqra Abbottabad Academy
* Iqra Public School
* Iqra Model Public School
* Maria Montessorri School System, Abbottabad
* Modern School System
* Modernage Public School & College
* Pakistan Grammar School
* Pakistan International Public School
* Pine Hills Public School & College
* Present Times Public School & College
* Rose Valley Public High School
* Sir Syed Model Public School
* The City School Abbottabad
* Wisdom House Public School
* The Muslim School & College
* Hamdani Public School

[edit] Transportation
[edit] Roads

* N-35

[edit] Public transport

Abbottabad's main public transport consists of modified Suzukis, which can accommodate anywhere from 8 to 13 people at one time. Taxis are also available as well as wagons which connect Abbottabad to the surrounding cities and towns (ex. Nathiagali, Sherwan, Dhamtour, Haripur, Mansehra) in the region. Abbottabad is also served by Daewoo Express, a national bus service which connects over 50 cities in Pakistan.
[edit] Rail

Railway service is not available in Abbottabad city. The nearest railway station Hawalian Railway Station is situated in District Abbottabad. This Railway station is about thirty minutes drive from Abbottabad city. One railway reservation office is situated in Abbottabad near to Fwara Chok to facilitate the people of Abbottabad for advance booking of railway tickets.
[edit] Events
[edit] Automotive
"Automotive 2008" at Ayub Medical College

Apart from its cultural, educational and military importance, this city also has the credit of holding the popular "Automotive" car exhibition and car racing event which promotes professional racing, safe driving and charity in Pakistan. The most recent event was held on 14 August 2008 at Ayub Medical College where more than 2000 people came to see the custom designed and modified from many parts of Pakistan. Dr. Ehsen Naveed Irfan, organizer of the event, called it "a positive effort in progression in the field of car racing in Pakistan". The local press called it a good and safe effort which provided the best entertainment on the Independence day of Pakistan. There are many sports clubs that are working to promote their respective sports. One of them is District Badminton Association of Abbottabad. In the month of June, the same Association arranged the provincial championship. Peshawar District Won Men's singles and Doubles and Boys singles competition. District Abbottabad won Ladies singles and doubles titles.
[edit] Notable people

* Athletes
o Abdur Rehman - a former player of Pakistani national team hockey (an Olympian)
o Naeem Akhter - a former player of Pakistani national team hockey (an Olympian)
o Yasir Hameed - a Pakistani national team cricket player, and recipient of "Fakhr-e-Hazara"
o Qanita Jalil - a Pakistani female national cricket player
o Sheraz Awan - Chief Master of Karate Budokan International Pakistan, General Secretary of

NWFP Karate Federation

*
o [Dildar khan abbasi -former player of N.W.F.P HOCKEY team
o Hammad Zahid - a former player of NWFP Basketball team (Several time color holder)

* Religious
o Molana Ghulam Goos Hazarvi
o Molana Muhammad Ishaq Lodhi (R.A)Khateeb-e-Hazara till 1972
o Qazi Muhammad Nawaz(R.A)Khateeb Ilyasi Masjid
o Molana Shafiq-ur-Rehaman (R.A)Khateeb-e-Hazara

* Politicians
o Leader of the freedom movement Pir Syed Mahmood Shah Mphaddis Hazarvi
o Jalaluddin Khan- Former Interior Minister and Senior Leader of The All-India Muslim League
o Abdul Jamil Khan- (Dr A J Khan) Former Federal Minister and Director General Health of Pakistan
o Sheikh Sheraz Mohiuddin- was born in Kunj Qadeem and he became a very popular among the local community and was elected Councilor in 1923. o Sardar Ghulam Nabi Khan- popularly known as Chief Sahib, former MPA and Provincial Minister
o Ayub Khan Tanoli- former Provincial Minister of Law, Education and Health
o Sardar Mehtab Ahmed Khan Abbasi- former Chief Minister of NWFP
o Sardar Haider Zaman Khan- Abbottabad District Nazim
o Sardar Sajjad Ahmed Khan- Ex Candidate of PF-48 Abbottabad, Welare and Islamic person
o Sardar Mohammad Yaqoob - former Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly
o Iqbal Khan Jadoon - former Chief Minister NWFP
o Amanullah Khan Jadoon - former Federal Minister of Petroleum & Gas
o Col. Gulam Mustafa Khan Jadoon - former Abbottabad District Nazim
o Omar Asghar Khan - former Federal Minister and founder of SUNGI, PILER and SEBCON
o Abdullah Muntazir - former spokesperson of Jamaat-ud-Dawah
o Noor-ud-din Qureshi - founder of the All India Muslim League in Hazara in 1936
o Haji Ghulam Mustafa Khan Jadoon (chief leader of Sippah-e-Sahaba Hazara Range)
o Mir zaman khan abbasi Pakistan movement worker[Muslim league] n.w.f.p

Military and civil service

*
o Asghar Khan - first Pakistani Commander-in-Chief of Pakistan Air Force
o Major General (R) Raza Khan Tanoli
o Capt Retired Sardar Lal Khan (RA)- retired from British Army in 1945.He was very closed with All India Muslim League. He had sacrificed too much for the establishment of Pakistan. When Pakistan came into being he served in Police, CIA and Wapda, He was first army captin from the karlal (sardar)tribe. He born in Dakhan Nalotha, Union Council Nagri Bala of Abbottabad. o Justice Sardar Raza Khan - Retired senior Judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan
o Qazi Mohammad Farooq - former Chief Justice of The Peshawar High Court
o Aslam Khan Tanoli - SP CID, Karachi
o Shoukat Ali Awan (Home Secretary Balouchistan 2004-2010)