28/09/2026
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๐น๏ธEffective de-escalation depends on our ability to recognise what is changing around us.
๐น๏ธAfter we PAUSE, the next step in the PODA framework is OBSERVE.
This is where situational awareness and dynamic risk assessment come together.
๐น๏ธWe are not just watching the person in front of us. We are continuously scanning the broader situation and asking:
โข What is happening with the people around us?
โข What is changing in the environment?
โข Where are the exits and safe pathways?
โข Are there barriers, objects or environmental hazards that could affect safety?
โข Is the personโs body language, tone, movement or proximity changing?
โข Who else is nearby, and could they influence the situation?
โข Has the level of risk changed since we first arrived?
๐น๏ธDynamic risk assessment is exactly that, dynamic. Conditions can shift quickly, so our awareness needs to shift with them.
๐น๏ธAt Personal Protection Strategies OBSERVE is the second step in our PODA framework - Pause, Observe, Decide, Act.
The more accurately we read the people, environment and cues, the better positioned we are to recognise emerging risk, maintain safe positioning and choose the most appropriate response.
๐น๏ธSee the whole picture. Reassess as it changes. Keep your options open.
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