05/02/2026
Decompression Sickness (DCS):
Time spent diving causes an excess of inert gas, such as nitrogen, to dissolve in the body. When a diver surfaces this dissolved gas may form bubbles, which then cause local damage to body tissues or obstruct small blood vessels. This can result in a wide range of symptoms including pain, weakness, dizziness or tingling.
Arterial Gas Embolism (AGE):
Most commonly occurs when diving as a result of lung over-expansion injury, also known as pulmonary barotrauma. Air passes directly from the lungs into the arteries, blocking them. This causes a variety of sudden onset, stroke-like symptoms depending on the site of the blockage, such as one sided weakness or loss of consciousness.
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Divers face two types of decompression-related injury: decompression sickness (DCS) and arterial gas embolism (AGE). Collectively, these conditions are often lumped together and referred to as decompression illness (DCI).