Iron Brothers Gyms

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Anterior – Placed before or in front.


Posterior – Located behind a part or toward the rear of a structure.


Ventral – Synonymous with anterior.


Dorsal – Synonymous with posterior.


Proximal – Situated nearest to point of attachment or origin.


Distal – Situated farthest from point of attachment or origin, as of a limb or bone.


Medial – At, in, near, or being the center; dividing a person into right and left halves.


Lateral – Situated or extending away from the medial plane of the body.


Sagittal plane – A plane of movement split by the midline which breaks the body into left and right halves; applicable actions often involve flexion and extension and require a forward-backward movement of the body or joints (e.g., lunge).


Frontal plane – The plane of movement split by the midaxillary line which breaks the body into front and back halves; applicable actions often involve abduction and adduction and require side-to-side movement of the body or joints (e.g., lateral lunge).


Transverse Plane – The plane of movement which breaks the body into top and bottom halves (no dissection line is acknowledged); applicable actions often involve rotational movement of the body or joints (e.g., oblique twists).


Flexion – To bend; in hinge joints, the articulating bones move closer together; in ball-and-socket joints, the limb moves anterior to the midaxillary line.


Extension – To straighten or extend; in hinge joints the articulating bones move away from each other; in ball-and-socket joints, the limb moves posterior to the midaxillary line.


Abduction – Movement away from the midline.


Adduction – Movement toward the midline.


External rotation – Action where the articulating bone is rotated away from the body from anatomical position.


Internal rotation – Action where the articulating bone is rotated towards the body from anatomical position.


Rotation – The turning of a structure around its long axis.

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